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Conceptual Indexing. To explore the hypothesis that subsumption technology could improve the effectiveness of online search, I built a system to extract words and phrases from text and automatically assimilate them into a structured conceptual taxonomy organized by the subsumption relationship. The resulting structure, which I call a conceptual index, turned out to be an intuitive structure for people to browse, and it reveals many interesting relationships between words and phrases that occur in indexed material and in queries. For example, when searching a business directory for automobile cleaning, it found a relationship to car washing, because it knew from its lexicon that a car was a kind of automobile and that washing was a kind of cleaning. It was able to infer that each part of the phrase automobile cleaning subsumed a corresponding part of the phrase car washing, and therefore the former concept subsumed the latter.
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